Oral Presentation

Write Essay Today explains what the oral presentation is, how to prepare it, its classification and elements. Also, how is a good speaker? Both the exhibitor and his audience are present, with direct interaction.

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What is oral exposure?

An oral exhibition is a formal communicative situation, in which one or more exhibitors inform the attending public about a topic or issue they have studied beforehand, to make it known or disseminate. An oral presentation can be given in academic, professional or political fields. As usually happens live and direct, it depends largely on the organization and expressive talent of the exhibitors, since they must capture the attention of the audience during the period during which their intervention lasts. The oral is just one of the existing forms of exposure, including dissertation writing, videoconferencing, lecture, etc. But by oral presentation, it usually refers to a talk in which both the exhibitors and the interested public are present, and direct interaction between them is encouraged.


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Characteristics of oral exposure

Oral exposures are probably the most common technique for transmitting specialized information that exists. It is used in both academic and professional or testimonial fields.

In fact, in the trials, the witnesses are asked to make an oral presentation according to the questions of the interpellant. The ability of oral expression is a distinctive and important feature of the socialization of our species.


Structure


Every oral presentation includes more or less the following parts:

  • Introduction or opening. An approach to the subject that lays the groundwork for further development. It offers previous or simpler knowledge that will then be needed or an initial approach from which the content of the exhibition will begin to be built.

  • Development. The extension of the "body" of the ideas to be transmitted, with its complications, its particularities and the details that complete the information. It is the specific part of the exhibition.

  • Conclusion or closure. The final part summarizes what has been exposed until then, explaining what can be inferred from all this, new ideas that emerge from it or the importance of the topic for future research.


Elements that compose it

In an oral presentation the following elements are usually involved:

  • Exhibitor (s). Those who have the word and are heard by the public.

  • Public. Those who witness the exhibition and who, in general, remain silent until the end of it.

  • Support material. Exhibitors can use various materials to accompany their explanation, either as reminders, examples, illustrations or simply as a constant summary of what was said, to facilitate learning or retention of the above. In this sense, photographs, digital presentation sheets, videos, etc. can be used.


Types of oral exposure


In a round table, all the exhibitors talk about the same topic.

Oral exposure can have different types, which vary from one another according to the particularities they present. For example:


  • Roundtable. All exhibitors organize to discuss a topic and can intervene at will.

  • Panel discussion. The exhibitors speak in turn to the public, and finally, there is a debate with questions.

  • Conference or reading. One or more exhibitors (in turns) read and / or comment on a text to the public and provide explanations if necessary for it to be understood.

  • Debate. Two exhibitors approach a subject from different perspectives and try to convince the public of their position.

  • Symposium. A panel of specialists addresses a theme from their points of view; then the public intervenes through questions and doubts that are clarified.



How do you prepare?


The preparation of an oral exhibition goes through the following steps:


  • Research on the subject. All available or relevant sources for the exhibition are gathered, and the most relevant content is placed in them.

  • Take notes. The pertinent ideas and citations necessary for the explanation of the subject are extracted, and they are reflected in files. From them, you can review the content and make the support material.

  • Development of a scheme. The “skeleton” of the exhibition is traced, as a scheme in which the way of presenting the information is ordered, always attending to go from the most general to the most specific, or from the simplest to the most complex.

  • Development of support material. Once the order of the contents to be exposed is known, it can be decided what will be the support material at each stage of the exhibition.

  • Practice. A test exposure is made, timing the time taken to ensure that it is within the allowed limits.


Group or individual exhibitions


A lot of changes depending on whether the exhibition is individual or in a group. If the latter is the case, the coordination of the group members must be added to the preparation steps, so that their participation in the exhibition is as fluid as possible. It is a mistake that the members ignore everything that corresponds to another expose, or worse, that they ignore the order of presentation of the events. The ideal thing is that each one knows, so briefly, the whole subject.


Types of audiences


The specialized audience is demanding but can follow complex content.

Depending on the nature of the public, an exhibition may receive more or less welcome and will be more or less close to fulfilling its informative purpose.

For this, the exhibitor (s) should provide the type of audience to which they will address:

  • Specialized. An audience of professionals or connoisseurs of the subject will be able to understand and handle difficult terms, follow complex ideas and take certain references for granted. On the other hand, it will be more demanding in the clarity of ideas, in the management of concepts and other technical aspects of the exhibition.

  • Unspecialized. An audience composed of diverse assistants, perhaps occasional, who do not share training around a subject and who generally have different interests. This type will be easier to impress, but less able to follow specialized reflections or understand complex concepts, so you will prefer informative or general approaches.


Support material

Although what is important in an oral presentation is precisely the spoken part of it, the support material can play a decisive role in helping to understand the above and that the experience is pleasant, or it can instead sabotage exposure and hinder communication. For this, the support material must be:

  • Concrete. Containing only what is necessary, and not a kind of transcript of everything said.

  • Secondary. It should not compete with the exhibition, or kidnap the attention of the public, or rival in importance with what is going to be said.

  • Dynamic. Brief, agile, composed of information that is easy to understand, direct and does not generate additional doubts.


A good speaker


The position of a good speaker denotes security and comfort.

A good speaker, meanwhile, meets the following conditions:

  • You have good diction, pronounce the words correctly.

  • Use a loud enough voice without shouting.

  • Speak in a linear and orderly manner, without running over, doubting, or backing up.

  • Dialogue with the support material, not distracted by it.

  • Use a harmonious body posture that does not denote insecurity, doubt or discomfort.


A good exposure


In short, good exposure should be:

  • Documented. The subject matter should be handled well and the necessary references should be provided to explain it.

  • Amena. It must be tolerable, neither too boring nor too overwhelming, with the right tone to address the issue according to the public.

  • Organized. It must address the issue little by little, without leaving out essential elements, without stepping back on itself or advancing unnecessarily.

  • Bounded. You must occupy the right amount of time available, without abusing the public and without falling short or ending early.



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